tropane alkaloids(alkaloid)(l-hyoscyamine(dl- hyoscyamine)alkaloidalkaloid scopolamine 0.24%l-hyoscyamine 0.02%atropine 0.0025%III alkaloid 0.4%hyoscyamine tropane alkaloidshyoscyamine0.4% alkaloidhyoscyamine25% hyoscyamine Datura mete L.(D.alba Nees)[]datura leaf1 [] [] 使 (Datura stramonium L.)[]Jimson WeedJamestown Weed1 [][] (Datura stramonium L.var.chalybea Koch(D.tatula L.)12 1 [][]使 Datura) [6][]alkaloid0.25% alkaloid [1]40013[2]78 [3]3 belladonna alkaloidatropine scopolaminel-hyoscyamine 調 43 atropine(dl-hyoscyamine) LD50 548mg/kg 100mg10mg-20mg10mg1g Tmax:1t1/2:13-38:50%85-90%/24尿 scopolamine3-5mg alkaloid0.4-0.6% 0.4%50-1004-5g [1]30 2 尿48退 退[2]1[3]30 30            尿尿 15mL250mL     使2% 0.5-1% 2mg201-2mg 0.5mg使 belladonna alkaloid 24 尿尿尿尿 belladonna alkaloid 使 尿使 0.5-1.0mg [-,1997] physostigmine []Antilirium [] []12mg2010.01-0.03mg/kg15-302mg0.1%- 6-   0.1g (        0.1g (               0.01g (           0.2g             0.9g                 100mL 調100mL 0.45μm100-30 1mg/mL/ 1-2mL 使1 1g90mLpH4使 0.1%-    0.1g          100mL